Gardening jobs this month: January

From Prima gardening expert Ann-Marie Powell:

■ Dig over soil in the vegetable garden.
■ Plant new fruit bushes if the ground is not frozen.
■ Continue taking hardwood cuttings of deciduous trees, shrubs and currant bushes.
■ Buy or order vegetable seeds and seed potatoes.
■ Collect egg boxes to chit potatoes in.
■ Cut the old leaves from hellebores to reveal their flowers.
■ Plant bare-root roses, trees, shrubs and hedging.
■ Melt frozen pond surfaces so fish can breathe.
■ Recycle your Christmas tree or shred it for mulch.
■ Treat timber structures such as pergolas, fences and obelisks.
■ Prune apple and pear trees.
■ Regularly put out food and water for birdlife.
■ Begin forcing rhubarb by covering plants with a forcing pot or bucket.
■ Repair lawn edges or patches

From Country Living gardening editor Stephanie Donaldson:

■ Turn the compost heap to encourage the process
■ Order seeds and seed potatoes for chitting
■ Pinch out autumn-sown sweet-pea tips once the plant has four pairs of leaves
■ Remove and burn dead leaves from around roses to control black spot
■ Use gritty sand rather than salt on icy paths to avoid damage to adjacent plants
■ Ventilate greenhouses and cold frames on fine days
■ Cover soil with cloches or fleece ready for early seed sowing.
■ Plant out indoor bulbs that have finished flowering in a spot where they can naturalise.
■ Broad beans can be sown in pots for planting out later.
■ This is a good time to sharpen the edges of flower beds.
■ Turn compost heaps and cover them up.
■ Surround pots of bulbs with wire netting or sprigs of prickly holly to prevent hungry squirrels digging them up.
■ When weather allows, dig over heavy soil, incorporating plenty of coarse grit with the compost or manure to improve soil texture.
■ Remove perennial weeds from beneath fruit trees and bushes and apply a mulch.
■ Buy or order your seed potatoes ready to chit them in February.
■ Avoid compacting the soil in the vegetable borders by standing on a plank of wood when working.
■ Control disease by removing and burning old foliage as hellebore flowers emerge.
■ Check greenhouse or conservatory plants for pests or diseases and treat promptly.
■ As the new flowers begin to emerge on hellebores, cut away the old leaves. This not only allows them to be seen at their best, it also removes leaves infected with leaf spot. Do not compost diseased leaves. Feed the plants with compost or well-rotted manure.
■ Check stored fruit and vegetables regularly and use or throw away any that are showing signs of deterioration.
■ Cover rhubarb plants with straw or dry leaves and a forcer or old bucket to encourage early shoots.
■ Prepare the greenhouse for seed-sowing.
■ Send off seed orders to ensure you get your first choice of varieties.
■ Once the seeds arrive, write the labels and paperclip them to the packets - time-saving later and enjoyable now.